Editors' Notes

Maria Damon and Michelle Greenblatt
Jim Leftwich and Michelle Greenblatt
Sheila E. Murphy and Michelle Greenblatt

A Visual Conversation on Michelle Greenblatt's ASHES AND SEEDS with Stephen Harrison, Monika Mori | MOO, Jonathan Penton and Michelle Greenblatt

Letters for Michelle: with work by Jukka-Pekka Kervinen, Jeffrey Side, Larry Goodell, mark hartenbach, Charles J. Butler, Alexandria Bryan and Brian Kovich

Visual Poetry by Reed Altemus
Poetry by Glen Armstrong
Poetry by Lana Bella
A Eulogic Poem by John M. Bennett
Elegic Poetry by John M. Bennett
Poetry by Wendy Taylor Carlisle
A Eulogy by Vincent A. Cellucci
Poetry by Vincent A. Cellucci
Poetry by Joel Chace
A Spoken Word Poem and Visual Art by K.R. Copeland
A Eulogy by Alan Fyfe
Poetry by Win Harms
Poetry by Carolyn Hembree
Poetry by Cindy Hochman
A Eulogy by Steffen Horstmann
A Eulogic Poem by Dylan Krieger
An Elegic Poem by Dylan Krieger
Visual Art by Donna Kuhn
Poetry by Louise Landes Levi
Poetry by Jim Lineberger
Poetry by Dennis Mahagin
Poetry by Peter Marra
A Eulogy by Frankie Metro
A Song by Alexis Moon and Jonathan Penton
Poetry by Jay Passer
A Eulogy by Jonathan Penton
Visual Poetry by Anne Elezabeth Pluto and Bryson Dean-Gauthier
Visual Art by Marthe Reed
A Eulogy by Gabriel Ricard
Poetry by Alison Ross
A Short Movie by Bernd Sauermann
Poetry by Christopher Shipman
A Spoken Word Poem by Larissa Shmailo
A Eulogic Poem by Jay Sizemore
Elegic Poetry by Jay Sizemore
Poetry by Felino A. Soriano
Visual Art by Jamie Stoneman
Poetry by Ray Succre
Poetry by Yuriy Tarnawsky
A Song by Marc Vincenz


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Four Dragons
by Paul Brown


Four Dragons is a recent work commissioned by Yanjian Group (Australia) P/L for the external lobby of The Midtown Apartments in Brisbane's CBD. It consists of a 1.75m square LED screen attached to the lobby ceiling and visible from the public areas of the street. The kinetic painting runs 24/7 in real-time on a small laptop computer.

It continues my interest in real-time code & generative art and artificial life, fields I have been involved in since the early 1970's. Like most of my recent time-based works the image is composed of square tiles that have a number of symmetries and a cellular automaton—where each tile looks at its immediate neighbours—determines how these tiles change and morph into each other.

I have described my work as The Geometric Sublime. The term is borrowed from Jon McCormack and Alan Dorin's paper Art, emergence, and the computational sublime from the proceedings of Second Iteration: a conference on generative systems in the electronic arts, CEMA, Melbourne, Australia, 2001. The authors discuss the phenomenon of emergence where often-simple systems can produce seemingly infinite progressions of complex, coherent and often novel data and/or behavior. In my work very simple geometries are employed that, despite their rudimentary simplicity, can be permutated to create extremely large and complex sets of images.

The total number of permutations of the Four Dragons system (the total count of individual images—or frames—the code can generate) is 436 or about 4,700,000,000,000,000,000,000—a number so huge it is difficult for humans to comprehend (for comparison there have been approximately 440,000,000,000,000,000 seconds since the Universe began). The cellular automaton provides a way of exploring this vast abstract universe of potential interest in a non-linear way. The animation you see is the automaton's dynamic report on its progress—like a snail's trace on a mildewed window.

I trace my origins as an artist to System Art, Art Concrete, Dada and Constructivism.

The artwork was coded in Processing, the open-source Java development environment initiated by Casey Reas and Ben Fry. Picnic Pete of Cascade Blaze provided additional Linux software and system support.

Brecknock Consulting managed the public artwork and the LED screen was designed and installed by Albert Smith Group, P/L.


Paul Brown is an artist and writer who has specialized in art, science & technology since the late-1960s and in computational & generative art since the mid 1970s. His early work included the creation of large-scale lighting works for musicians and performance groups (Meredith Monk, Music Electronica Viva, Pink Floyd, etc...) and he has an international exhibition record that includes the creation of both permanent and temporary public artworks dating from the late 1960s.

During 2000/2001 he was a New Media Arts Fellow of the Australia Council and he spent 2000 as artist-in-residence at the Centre for Computational Neuroscience and Robotics (CCNR) at the University of Sussex in Brighton, England. From 2005 he has been honorary visiting professor of art and technology at the CCNR and department of Informatics at the University of Sussex. His artwork has recently been exhibited in the Alan Turing Centenary exhibition—Intuition and Ingenuity—currently touring the UK and in the 2012 Microwave Festival in Hong Kong. His book White Heat Cold Logic, British Computer Arts 1960-1980, co-edited with Charlie Gere, Nick Lambert and Catherine Mason, is published by MIT Press, Leonardo Imprint.

His website is always out-of-date at Paul-Brown.com.



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